Vibratory electric motor apparatus



May 19, 1942. J. A. HANLEY VIBRATORY ELECTRIC MO TOR APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 31, 1940 IIIIIIIVIIIIII'I'I'V'IIIII'" lNVENTOR John A.Ha/zZgy wwwa ATTORNEYS BY WM J. A. HANLEY 2,283,552

VIBRATORY ELECTRIC MOTOR APPARATUS May 19, 1942.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 31, 1940 INVENTOR John A. Han/Jay Aim mwa ATToRxgEYs w Patented M1119, 1942 j VllBRA'IQBY ELECTRIC MQTOR APP I 'rus John A. Henley, Noroton, (30m, assigns? to Gillettc safety Razor Company, Boston, Mesa,- a corporation of Delaware r Application January 31, 1940, sent; No. amnesit claims. (or. 172-126) While the present invention is shown incorporated in an electric shaver, it is applicable also for a variety of other apparatus, such as hair clippers, massaging devices and the like, and the vibratory motor incorporated therein is of more general utility.

Among the objects of the invention are to provlde 9. tagged electrlc motor structure of low cost, which shall hove o. minimum number of ports that con he ossemhled easily and econornh celly without report to ioivot screws, pins or other small fastening or hinging parts that are apt to wear and cause loos-chess or lemming.

Another object is to provide a motor for a structure of the above type, which even under udverse conditions ct ooerotion is proof during use ogaihst electric shock to the user when the motel tool head is applied to the. body.

r inother object is to provide at vlbrotory rootor for a device of. the above type. in which magnetic leakage is kept st s. minimum throughmeans of a set screw out the stroke, with consequent relatively high.

power and emciency,

Certoin ieotures of the invention claimed herein both severally and hi combination are the vibratory motor the hosting srmature of which ls resiliently biased away from the field structure, with respect to which it hes direct thrust rocking bearing engagement et its rear end, and the operating arm of which protrudes through the forward end of the insulating motor casing and is joined to the armature by an insulating molded coupling which rigidly conncts said parts into electrically insulated relation, with respect to each other and in which c. buffer structure near the forward part of the casing resiliently yields to the operating. movement of the operating arm. This application is for an improvement upon the invention of my copendlng application, Serial No. 149,055, filed June 19.1937.

In the accompanying drawings in which is shown one of various possible embodiments of the several features of the lnvention,

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the armature with. I

parts broken away,

Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of said armature,

Fi 7 is a detail sectional view taken on line 7-7 of Fig. 5. and

Fig, 8 is an exploded perspective view showing the bufier assembly.

Referring now to the drawings, there is shown an insulating handle casing in i'or an electric shaver having at the forward end thereof the operating tool, in the lorm of a shaving head,

illustratively shown as a rigid carrier block I! having mounted therein a reciprocating cutter block I? with teeth E8 overlapped by the inturned teeth IQ of the carrier block 8!. The shaving head unit is removably affixed to the casing by lb. The shooting head shown may be replaced by any of numerous possible constructions of shearing heads or other tools that may be operated from the motor described I hereinafter. From the rear end of the casing extends the electric cordset it the outer end of which (not shown), is plugged into an outlet box.

Within the casing is the electric motor which in the embodiment shown, comprises a stator which constitutes a laminated field structure F carried by insulating bosses ll integral with the casing to which it is secured by bolts it threaded into nuts 89 that are molded into said bosses.

The field structure is generally U-shaped, and desirably has a base it and legs 26 and 22 for end to end correlation with corresponding legs 23 and 2d unitary with the base 25 of the generally U- sharp edge of which is lodged in the corresponding sharp trough of a notch 21 formed in the field structure leg at the rear end of easing l0. Notch 27 is of less height but of greater angularity than ridge 25 thereby to space the armature from the field structure by an air gap 28 thcrebetween with engagement only at the pivot edge to permit the desired rocking movement of the arma ture, with minimum of friction.

The ends of the other legs 22 and 24 near the forward end of casing ill, have obliquely cut ends 22 and 24' to determine an air gap 33 therebetween, which desirably extends at an angle of degrees to the length of the legs, for a purpose which will appear more fully hereinafter.

The armature is resiliently held to permanently maintain the thrust bearing engagement set forth. For this purpose, the armature and field laminations may be provided with unitary anchoring lugs or projections 30 at their rear ends, about which are booked the inturned ends 3| I posed in the path of that movement.

blocks are carried by a retainer 4'! best shown in of a leaf'spring 32, which is thereby efiectively mounted to bias; the armature about its thrust bearingmount 26', 21 away from the field structure to open the air gap 33.

' ture F by a brass clip 36 extending transversely thereabout and held in place at toe 36' by the The vibratory movement of the armature is imposed upon the cutter block l2 through the metal operating arm 38, which is offset from the armature proper, and is rigidly connected thereto, to

form a unitary part of the armature structure. Operating arm 38 protrudes through a longitudinal port 39 in the-casing III for engagement'of the reciprocating cutter l 2.

According to the invention, the operating arm 38 is electrically insulated with respect to the motor. For this purpose, the armature is provided with a protruding mounting ear in pretenably perforated. at 4|. This car is an integral part of a correspondingly longer median lamination 42 of the armature, which also has greater thickness for enhanced strength. In the common planeof the operating arm 38, and the laminatlon 42 said arm has a curved and or toe 43 .which extends generally parallel but at a considerable distance from the end edge of ear Ml. The

armature and operating arm are rigidly connected together by a molded coupling 44, preferably of hard Bakelite, which affords an intervening rigid solid insulating spacer 45 between the armature and the operating arm, and which embraces andembeds the toe 43 of the arm and embraces and .also extends through the aperture cillates back and forth in the plane of its width,

desirably comprises an assembly including a pair of rectangular solid soft rubber blocks 46 inter- These Fig. 8, desirably. of sheet metal, comprising a channel structure 48 provided with unitary lateral wings 58. and unitary end wings The channel, lateral and end wings at each side are respectively engaged by the three faces that merge in one corner of the corresponding rubber block 46'v which is thus supported as on a shelf. Unitary tongues 52 at the free end of the channel side 48' areturned out and block the longitudinal displacement of the rubber blocks. The retainer The buffer assembly is securely retained in place between the operating arm 38 and the casing I8 without the possibility of displacement of the rubber buffers. The sheet metal retainer 41 serves to transmit the pressur from the lateral edges of the operating arm 38 through the widths of the resilient rubber blocks along the entire lengths thereof, so that the entire volume of the latter will efi'ectively act as buffers and localized wear thereof will be guarded against.

Wire leads 5! and 58 for the electric motor are connected to terminals 59 and 60 near the rear end of the casing, which terminals protrude through a rubber block 6| therein molded as an integral part of the bushing 62 through which the conductor leads (not shown) extend. The leads 5! and 58 are desirably shielded against short circuit by an interposed sheet 63 of insulating material, such as Empire cloth, with a narrowed inner end that may be tucked as shown between the leaf spring 32 and the coil 34 and with its face tucked under the respective wire leads. The base of the bushing 62 is preferably embraced by corresponding registering notches 65 in the adjoining edges of the casing and its cover l6. Desirably the rim of the casing extends obliquely upward to the full height-oi the casing at its forward or head carrying end as shown,

' gap is negligible.

and the cover has a complementary tapering flange conformation in edge to edge relation with the casing flange and terminating at a forward lip 66 in back of said head carrying end oi" the casing.

The magnetic circuit of the motor it will be seen, comprises a rectangular frame of relative 1y low reluctance, each of the lateral beams of which includes an air gap. The air gap 23 in the lateral beam of said frame nearest the rear of the casing is adjacent the thrust bearing 26, 21' and is within the corresponding electro-magnet coil 34, so that the magnetic leakage at said air Since the electro-magnet coil 35 encloses air gap 33 the magnetic leakage thereat also is but small. Moreover since the effective air gap which is the distance between the two parallel oblique edges 22' and 24 of the respective legs 22 and 24 is considerably less than the length of armature stroke required to close such air gap, the power of the motor is substantially greater than itwould be were the air gap at right angles with respect to the lengths of the corre- 41 has an aperture 49 in the middle for the opera ating arm .38 In the assembly, the rubber blocks 46 will engage the lateral walls of a corresponding well 53 in the casing. Desirably a further fiat sheet metal retainer plate 54 is pressed against the inner faces of the rubber blocks 46 by sponding legs of the field and armature structures. Y

Desirably the thrust bearing 26, 21 is not disposed symmetrically of the rear beam but is near the rear dge thereof as shown. The operation of the motor is thus rendered more uniform and smooth, since the movement of the armature leg 24 will be more nearly one of translation, than if its distance from the pivot 26, 21 were considerably shorter. Moreover the lateral movement of the operating arm 38 will be substantially one of translation, thereby compressing the rubber buffer blocks 46 substantially to uniform extent throughout the height thereof.

The armature A which is the sole moving element of the motor is under continual resilient restraint by the spring 32 at one end and the buffer assembly 46, 41 at the other end. The only engagement between relatively moving metal parts, aside from those of the shearing head, occurs at spring 32 upon anchoring projection 30 and at the thrust bearing 26, 21 of the motor where the movement is minute. The only other the cosine.

sion of rubber;

"then that at theieit, so as to serve as a more or less positive butter stop tor-the armature in its power stroke, thereby to preclude any possible closing up, oi. the, air gap 33 in that operation.

assists:

Bland buffer l, 41- cuch movement is completely taken up by the compree Theenerg'y stored in spring B and butlerv l5, l1 in-the attractionoi the floating armature Ah; the field structure F is given'up on each change :0I phase or applied alternating current, to eflect'ttbe return stroke of the armsture. Impact in -operation is-thus whoily:obviat'ed, and year-and noise'are kept at akminimum Deeirably the rubberbuileru at the right in Fig; i is somewhat harder and more resistant notch in the end of the fieldstructure, the other pair ot saidtaligned less presenting an oblique air" can there operating an'iuprotrurlinc through the forward The other buffer is of relatively sorter rubber to yield und-ertheretum stroke oi-the armature. The softer rubber bufier in eflect causes the armature to bounce thefreirom and thereby to give on efiective-start to the power stroke at the commencement thereof, where'the air gap 33 is a maximum and the attractive power of the iield colln minimum. Desirably' the two rubber bullers are distinguished-from each other to preclude error in essembly bw making the harder butler red ruh'oer and .the softer one of white. 0! course, one or-more shims (not shown) may be provided in association with the louder structure to old in theproner relativepositionlng of the magnetic ports in inactive position, so that the sir gnnshail be of the desired magnitude.

lie-many changes could he made in the above chllorutus-end many apparently widely different embodiments oi: this invention could he made without departing irom the scope of the claims, it is intended that allrnatter contained in the alcove descrintionor shown in the accompanying showings shall he interpreted as illustrative and not inn limiting sense.

Having thus' described my invention, what I cloim so ncnend desire to secure by Letters isz' 1. An oops-reins oi the character described, ccrnnricinga hon clle casing, a vibratory electric end of said ceiling,- and resilient means reacting I against the rearward extremity of said armature heyond the pivot thcreoi ior hie-sing said srmature away from said fieldstructure end'a pair of coils about the respective pairs of aligned legs enclosing respectively the pivot and the oblique air gap.

4. In apparatus or the character described, a

handle cosine, an electric motor therein having a tool at the foreword end of the cocaine, and a transmission erin intervening between said niotor and cold tool and a nutter structure yicld their resisting the movement or cold orunseid louder structure cornnrlsing a sheet metal carrier mounted noon sold urrn and solid soft rubber motor therein including an assembly of e. fined structure end a vibrotory armature, eaid essentials comprising a rectangular magnetic circuit with a noir oileteral hers having air, cops therein, the armature structure having a unitary projection at one of said oarswith a direct roching mount inn, corresponding wider notch in the :eesociated end of the hold structure, field coils encircling said bars and said air gaps, means resiliently pressing upon the rear extremity of sold armature and biasing the came away irom "the field structure, said armature having a unitary operating arn'iprotruding through the front of 2. In apparatus of the character described, a

handle casing-a vibratory electric motor therein including a generally U-shaped iield structure having a base and two legs, agenerally u shaped armature structure having a base and two legs,

the respective legs being in alignment todetermine a generally rectangular frame, the end of one of said armature legs having a rocking thrust mount uponthe corresponding leg of the field structure, the. other pair 01 aligned legs of held and armature presenting, an air gap therebetween, field coils encircling the respective pairs of aligned legs, said armature projecting rearward beyond said rocking mount, resilient means engaging the rearj portion of saidv armature and nienns retained icy cold cnrrler and engaging the well oi the casino,

. 5. in on orticle or the character described, an insulating ccsing he ringn vibratory motor therein, including on nrniuturc honing e pivot mount neer the recur end of the casing and on concreting urn-i protruding through the icrivcrd end oi sold ousing, and butter means enacting with a portion oi sold nrni, resiliently to resist the movement thereof, said butler means comprising to sheet motel carrier lodged in o, corresponding well in cold casing through which said orm extends, and solid ruhber "oiocizs mounted on said carrier at opposite sides of said arm end reacting egoinst the opposite walls of sold well lobe nltornotelr compressed end released in the vibratory movement oi the arm.

d. in enporatus of the chnructer described, an

insulating cosine, n vihrotorr motor therein ineluding it held structure, on ermetnre structure having a thrust bearinc mount near the rear end oi sold casing, directly upon sold field struc ture end including on operating erm protruding through the forward end of said casing, the width 0:? said arm extending in the direction oi oscillotory movement thereof, e sheet metal retainer having an aperture through which said arm en tenrls, said retainer presenting lateral shelves, rubber blocks lodged on said shelves said retainer and blocks heing retelned in a corresponding well in the casing.

illin apparatus of the character described, a vibratory eloctricmotor having a hold structure, an armature structurepivotally mounted upon one end thereof and including an operating arm at the opposite end thereof protruding through the forward end of the casing, said casing having a. well through which the rear. portion of the operating arm extends, a buffer structure for resiliently resisting the movement of said arm and lodged in said well, said structure comprising a palrof rubber-blocks at opposite sides of the operating arm in the path of movement of the latter, and a sheet metal retainer and thrust V 3 biasing the armaturefrom-thefleld stgucturd said armature having an operating armprotrud ing through the forward end or the casing. 8, Apparatus oi the character described, comprising a casing, including a vibratory electric motor therein, made up of a field and armature assemblage including a fixed field structure havins-a pair of upstanding legs, an armature structure having legs in end to end relation with rebetweensaid armature having an transmitter for said blocks, said retainer having angle-shaped holder portions at opposite sides buffer structure through which said arm extends,

said structure being lodged in a corresponding well in the casing, said structure comprising a sheet metal channel-shaped retainer with a pair of integral lateral wings and a pair of integral end wings, solid soft rubber blocks disposed laterally of said channel and pressing against the respective lateral and end wings, the outer lateral faces of said blocks coacting with the lateral walls of said well.

9. In an article of the character described a casing, a motor having a vibratory armature withan operating arm protruding through the forward end of said casing, and a buffer structure through which said arm extends, said structure being lodged in a corresponding well in the casing, said structure comprising a sheet metal channel-shaped retainer with a pair of integral lateral wings and a pair of integral end wings, solid soft rubber blocks disposed laterally of said channel and positioned against the respective lateral and end wings, the outer lateral faces of said blocks coacting with the lateral walls of said well, and upstanding wings integral with the side walls of said channel, turned over the ends of the rubber blocks, to hold the same against longitudinal displacement.

10. In an article or" the character described, a casing, a motor having a vibratory armature with an operating arm protruding through the forward end of said casing, and a bufler struc ture lodged in a corresponding well in the casing, said structure comprising a sheet metal channel-shaped retainer with a pair of integral lateral wings and a pair of integral end wings, solid soft rubber blocks disposed laterally of said channel and positioned against the respective lateral and end wings, the outer lateral faces of said blocks coacting with the lateral walls of said well, a flat retainer plate and means pressing said plate against the faces of the rubber blocks, said operating arm extending through.

corresponding apertures in said buifer structure.

11. An apparatus of the character described, comprising an insulating casing, a vibratory electric motor in said casing, including afield structure, an armature structure having a pivot thrust mount thereon near the rear end thereof, said armature structure including an operating arm rigid therewith offset therefrom and protruding from the forward end of said casing, a buffer structure associated with the rear end of the said operating arm, said casing having a well accommodating said buffer structure, said buffer structure including a pair of solid rubber -blocks lodged in said well at opposite sides of said arm, a sheet metal retainer carried by said arm andserving to transmit thrust from said arm in the movement thereof through the thickness of said buffer, along its entire length, an enlargement shoulder at the base of said arm and a retainer plate pressed by said shoulder against the faces of said rubber blocks.

12. In apparatus of the character described,

l ends of said armature said arm extends,

an insulating handle casing, a vibratory electric motor therein, comprising a field structure secured in the casing and having upstanding legs, an armature structure having downwardly extending legs in end to and relation with respect to those of the field structure, one of said pair of legs being in direct thrust bearing rocking engagement with each other, the other pair presenting an air gap therebetween, the rear ends of said field and armature structures having unitary anchor extensions, 9. leaf spring clasping said extensions and biasing the 311118 ture for opening the air gap, the armature structure including an operating arm protruding through the forward end of the casing, and buffer means intervening between said arm and the casing, resiliently to' cushion the movement of said am.

' 13. An apparatus of the character described, comprising an insulating casing a vibratory electric motor therein including a field structure secured to said casing, an armature structure in thrust relation therewith, a spring connecting the rear ends ofsaid field and armature structures and biasing the armature for rocking away from the field structure, said armature having an associated operating arm protruding through the forward end of the casing and a rigid insulating connection between the forward end of the armature and the rear end of said arm, said connection comprising a molded body including a portion intervening between the respective ends of the armature and the arm and having end portions molded about the-respective end arm, the operating arm being ofiset with respect to. the armature to extend along the longitudinal axis of the casing and the arm having an upturned end extending generally in parallelism to the end of the armature and. spaced therefrom and the molded connection extending in a general 8 curve for substantial continuity at its ends with the longitudinal portions of the armature and arm respectively.

14. In apparatus of the character described, an insulating casing an electric vibratory motor therein including a field structure securely mounted therein, an armature having a rocking thrust bearing mount near the rear end thereof with respect to said field structure, anchor extensions unitary with the respective arm and field structures at the rear ends thereof, a leaf spring connecting said two structures and biasing said armature away from said field, said armature structure including an arm protruding centrally through the forward end of said casing an insulating molded connector in the common plane of said armature and operating arm, rigidly connecting the forward end of the former to the rear end of the latter, a well in the casing about the rear portion of said arm, and a butler assembly in said wellincluding a pair of soft rubber blocks 'at opposite sides of the arm and sheet metal .retainers therefor through which one of said retainers partially embracing the respective blocks and lodged in the bottom of the well, the other of said retainers being pressed by the end of said insulating connector against said rubber blocks.

15. An armature structure comprising a stack of thin magnetic laminations, a thicker lamination in the stack having an ear protruding from the forward end of said stack, a metal operating arm spaced from said ear and in the plane thereof, and a hard molded coupling embedding the end of. said operating arm and said ear and intervening between said two metal elements.

16. In an article of the character described, an insulating casing having a vibratory motor therein including an armature having a pivot mount near the rear end of the casing and an operating arm protruding through the forward end of said casing and butter means coactinz with a portion of said arm, said bufler means including a pair of soft rubber blocks, one of relatively harder rubber to take the impact of the power stroke of the armature, the other at the opposite side of the armature and of relatively softer rubber to add a resilient impulse at the commencement of the power stroke of the armature.

' JOHN A. HANLEY. 

